Mumbai: As Diwali festivities begin to light up homes across India, the second day of the five-day celebration, known as Chhoti Diwali or Narak Chaturdashi, brings its own unique set of traditions and cultural significance. Observed on the 14th day of the Krishna Paksha in the Hindu month of Kartik, this day is celebrated with rituals aimed at warding off negativity and seeking the blessings of various deities. Chhoti Diwali, which falls a day after Dhanteras and one day before Diwali, also goes by the names Narak Chaudas, Roop Chaudas, and Narak Chaturdashi, each name reflecting a distinct aspect of its ancient legends and customs.
This year, Chhoti Diwali will be celebrated on October 30, 2024, and the auspicious time for puja is set between 4:36 PM and 6:15 PM IST. Known for its connection to the mythical victory of Lord Krishna over the demon Narakasura, the day is celebrated by lighting a special “Yam Deepak” to appease Yama, the god of death, with the intention of protecting loved ones from untimely death. The following sections delve into the reasons behind this festival’s other name, Narak Chaturdashi, its significance, and the prescribed rituals to follow for blessings of health, beauty, and protection.
Chhoti Diwali 2024 Puja Muhurat
In accordance with the Hindu calendar, the Chhoti Diwali 2024 celebrations start on October 30, with the Chaturdashi Tithi beginning at 1:04 PM and ending on October 31 at 3:11 PM. Devotees can perform the Yam Deepak puja between 4:36 PM and 6:15 PM on October 30.
Why is Chhoti Diwali Called Narak Chaturdashi?
The name Narak Chaturdashi finds its origins in the Hindu mythological tale of Narakasura, a demon king who brought terror upon the three realms. According to legend, Narakasura abducted women, oppressed the people, and attacked Devaloka, imprisoning several deities. Lord Krishna, with the help of his consort Satyabhama, ultimately vanquished Narakasura on the 14th day of Krishna Paksha in Kartik, liberating thousands of captives. The lighting of lamps after this victory symbolizes the triumph of light over darkness, a tradition that continues today. In honour of this event, people light lamps to dispel negativity and honour the gods’ victory over evil.
Chhoti Diwali Puja Vidhi
Chhoti Diwali is marked by specific rituals, each carrying deep symbolic meaning. Here is a breakdown of the main rituals observed on this day:
- Oil Bath Ritual: Known as Roop Chaudas, devotees apply sesame oil before a morning bath. This ritual is believed to enhance physical and spiritual beauty, invoking blessings from Lord Krishna.
- Worship of Deities: Lord Krishna and Yama, the god of death, are primarily worshipped to protect the family from untimely death. Additionally, special pujas are conducted for Lord Hanuman, who is highly venerated on this day.
- Offering Prayers and Lighting Lamps: Devotees recite the Hanuman Chalisa, perform Aarti, and offer bhog (sacred food) to Lord Hanuman. In the evening, the “Yam Deepak,” a special four-faced wheat lamp, is lit and placed at the entrance of the home facing south. This lamp, meant for Yama’s blessing, symbolises protection and peace.
Significance of Chhoti Diwali
Chhoti Diwali’s deep cultural importance goes beyond the story of Narakasura. It represents a cleansing ritual for both the body and mind, a practice deeply rooted in Hindu tradition. This day, also known as Roop Chaudas, emphasises beauty, longevity, and wellness. Lighting the Yam Deepak is an essential custom, believed to safeguard the household from negative influences and ensure peace and harmony. Additionally, Chhoti Diwali stands as a symbolic prelude to Diwali, preparing households to welcome wealth and happiness through the cleansing of physical spaces and inner sanctity.
How to Celebrate Chhoti Diwali for Spiritual Benefits
- House Cleaning and Decoration: Clean the home thoroughly and decorate it with lights, flowers, and diyas, inviting positivity and prosperity.
- Lighting Yam Deepak: Place a Yam Deepak facing south at the main entrance in the evening, as a prayer for peace and protection from adversity.
- Meditation and Self-Reflection: Many choose to meditate and reflect, cleansing the mind of negativity to embrace peace and contentment.
Chhoti Diwali, or Narak Chaturdashi, reminds people to embrace light over darkness and goodness over evil. This special day emphasises the spiritual cleansing needed to welcome the prosperity and joy that Diwali brings. Through unique rituals, prayers, and traditions, devotees celebrate this festival as a path to peace, protection, and well-being.
