New Delhi: The Maharashtra government’s recent decision to make Hindi a compulsory third language in classes one to five has sparked considerable debate. This move, a key component of the state’s adoption of the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, marks a significant shift in the state’s educational landscape. The policy, introduced in 2020, advocates for a multi-lingual approach to education, aiming to promote linguistic diversity and national integration. However, the compulsory inclusion of Hindi has met with resistance in various states where regional languages are strongly preferred.
The implementation in Maharashtra will begin in the 2025-26 academic year, affecting both Marathi and English medium schools. Previously, the state’s curriculum primarily focused on two languages, allowing students to develop fluency in either Marathi or English. Under the new framework, students will be exposed to three languages: their mother tongue (Marathi or another), English, and now, Hindi. This decision is intended to equip students with a broader linguistic foundation, enhancing their prospects and facilitating communication across the country.
The state’s school education department has outlined a phased implementation plan starting from class one. This gradual rollout allows the education system to adapt to the new policy and minimise disruptions. However, concerns remain about the potential challenges of integrating Hindi into the curriculum, particularly the availability of appropriately trained teachers and suitable learning materials. The government has affirmed its commitment to providing the necessary resources to ensure a smooth transition. The long-term impact of this policy on students’ linguistic proficiency and their overall educational outcomes remains to be seen and will require careful evaluation.
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The NEP 2020 aims to transform India’s education system, focusing on holistic development and improved learning outcomes. The addition of Hindi as a compulsory third language reflects the policy’s emphasis on national integration through language learning. Yet, the tensions surrounding the imposition of Hindi underscore the complex linguistic dynamics within India’s diverse population. The implementation in Maharashtra will serve as a crucial test case, informing the further rollout of similar policies across other states.
