New Delhi: Following a devastating terrorist attack in Pahalgam, Jammu and Kashmir, which claimed the lives of 26 individuals, primarily tourists, India has taken the unprecedented step of drastically reducing the water flow from its hydroelectric dams. The primary dams affected are the Baglihar Dam in Ramban district and the Salal Dam in Reasi district, both situated on the Chenab River, a major tributary of the Indus River. This action has resulted in the almost complete drying up of the riverbed in certain areas, leading to unprecedented scenes as locals walk and even take selfies in the now-dry riverbed.
This bold move signifies a potential significant shift in India’s stance on the Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) of 1960, a landmark agreement brokered by the World Bank, which governs the sharing of Indus River waters between India and Pakistan. The IWT has been a point of contention for decades, particularly concerning the construction and operation of Indian dams on the Indus and its tributaries. Pakistan has consistently raised objections to these dams, citing concerns over water access and potential violations of the treaty.
The current water restrictions, however, go further than previous disagreements. India’s announcement of similar planned restrictions at the Kishanganga Dam on the Jhelum River, another tributary of the Indus, underscores the gravity of the situation. This dam, too, has been a subject of legal and diplomatic disputes, primarily regarding its impact on the Neelam River, a tributary of the Jhelum. The Kishanganga Dam’s impact on Pakistan’s water resources has been a significant source of contention in the past.
The implications of India’s actions are far-reaching. It’s anticipated that this unilateral decision will severely strain already fragile diplomatic ties between India and Pakistan, potentially escalating tensions and complicating future negotiations on water sharing. This is especially pertinent given the ongoing political climate. Experts suggest this represents one of the most decisive actions taken by India concerning the IWT. The move underscores the complex interplay of security concerns, water resources, and international treaties in the region.
