New Delhi: Winter brings a noticeable rise in stroke cases, a trend observed globally due to the combined effects of cold weather on blood circulation and other physiological factors. The cold causes blood vessels to constrict, increasing blood pressure—a significant risk factor for stroke. This elevated pressure strains the cardiovascular system, especially for individuals with pre-existing conditions like hypertension, diabetes, and heart disease, which are already linked to higher stroke risk.
How does cold weather affect stroke risk?
While explaining the science behind it, Dr.Bhupesh Kumar, Director- Neurology, (Stroke Specialist), Medharbour Hospital, Gurgaon, said, “Another factor is the decrease in physical activity during winter months. People tend to stay indoors, often leading to a sedentary lifestyle and poor diet choices. Reduced exercise and increased intake of high-calorie, often salty foods, can lead to weight gain, further elevating blood pressure and cholesterol levels. These factors contribute to the thickening of blood and an increased likelihood of clot formation, especially dangerous for ischemic strokes, where blood clots obstruct blood flow to the brain.”
Moreover, winter brings higher rates of respiratory infections like the flu. These infections can cause systemic inflammation, adding stress on blood vessels and increasing stroke risk. Research shows that inflammation raises the probability of plaque rupture in arteries, which can lead to a clot and ultimately a stroke. People should also be aware of Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD), which can contribute to lifestyle changes like poor diet and inactivity, further increasing stroke risk.
To mitigate these risks, maintaining an active lifestyle, managing blood pressure, and focusing on a balanced diet rich in antioxidants are crucial. People should also dress warmly to prevent excessive blood vessel constriction and ensure vaccinations for respiratory infections to reduce related risks. Awareness and preventive actions can go a long way in reducing stroke occurrences during the winter months.
